{"id":6709,"date":"2022-08-22T16:49:43","date_gmt":"2022-08-22T14:49:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/protection-of-scientific-work\/"},"modified":"2023-11-07T09:41:09","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T08:41:09","password":"","slug":"protection-of-scientific-work","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/protection-of-scientific-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Protection of scientific work"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">The protection of scientific works is an important issue, particularly for scientists and researchers. Indeed, plagiarism or unauthorised reuse are the greatest risks: therefore, it is essential to think about protecting and defending your rights. <\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<ol data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">\n<li><b><u>How to protect my scientific work? <\/u><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">Scientific works can benefit from different types of protection depending on their degree of completion. <\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">\n<li><b><u>Patent law:<\/u><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">If the content of the work is sufficiently mature, a patent application may be filed. <\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">A patent is a property right that protects <b>a product or process that provides a new technical solution to a given technical problem<\/b>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">An application must be filed with the French National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI). Strict conditions must be fulfilled to benefit from this protection: novelty, inventive step, and industrial application. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">Once registered, the patent<b> <\/b>grants a <b>20-year monopoly of use<\/b> from the application date. To find out more about this point: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/proteger-une-invention-avec-le-brevet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">patent protection<\/a>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">However, it should be noted that pure scientific discoveries and theories cannot be patented. In addition, the procedure for obtaining a patent is expensive, time-consuming, and difficult. <\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">\n<li><b><u>Confidentiality: <\/u><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">This means <b>keeping confidential and securing<\/b> any unpatented process, manufacturing formula, scientific work, technical knowledge, documents, or technical elements.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">There is no time limit, as long as the secret exists. However, it does not confer any exclusive right to the content of the secret. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">In cases where the project will have to be disclosed to third parties, such as service providers or investors, for its implementation, then this disclosure should be legally secured with a <b>non-disclosure agreement<\/b>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">It is recommended that <b>proof of anteriority<\/b> of this work be provided in the event of a dispute, as with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copyright.eu service<\/a>. <\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">\n<li><b><u>Copyright law:<\/u><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">Scientific works belong to the category of <b>literary and scientific works<\/b>. This may include writings, lectures, books, seminars, diagrams, etc. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">Indeed, scientific works are considered to be intellectual works and are protected by <b>copyright law<\/b>, a branch of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/les-differents-droits-de-propriete-intellectuelle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intellectual property<\/a>.<b> <\/b>This right protects creations of all kinds (literary, musical, graphic, scientific, etc., except for ideas and concepts), regardless of their form, genre, merit, or purpose.<b> <\/b>Thus, the form of the work would be protected, not the scientific results, which still provides good protection against plagiarism.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">This protection is <b>automatic<\/b>: it arises from the mere fact of creation by the author. Copyright does not require registration with an intellectual property institution. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">This right protects a work provided that it is <b>original<\/b>, i.e., that it bears the imprint of the author&#8217;s personality: his\/her sensibility, his\/her non-imposed choices, and his\/her perception of the subject. The work must also be <b>fixed<\/b>, i.e., materialized. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">This right confers an <b>economic right on the work<\/b>, opposable to all, which makes it possible to control its communication to the public and to prohibit or authorise the use of the work, in return for remuneration. It allows infringement proceedings to be brought. This exclusive right lasts until 70 years after the death of the author. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">It also grants a <b>moral right <\/b>that allows one to oppose disclosure without consent, to oppose use that would distort the work, or request the mention of the author&#8217;s name. This moral right is perpetual. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">However, as copyright arises automatically, it can be difficult to prove the date of creation or who the author is. It is therefore advisable to build up proof to be able to attest the date and ownership of the creation, using <b>proof of anteriority<\/b>, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copyright.eu certificate<\/a>.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">\n<li><b><u>How can I secure my secret and my copyright with the <span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">Copyright.eu<\/span><\/span> service? <\/u><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span class=\"test-id__field-value slds-form-element__static slds-grow is-read-only\" data-aura-rendered-by=\"20:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copyright.eu certificate of anteriority<\/a> enables you to prove that your creations existed at a certain date, and that you are the author. This type of service is important, as seen previously, for creations that depend on copyright, or to secure a secret in a situation where the creation cannot be disclosed.<\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">It is, in fact, essential to obtain <b>proof of anteriority<\/b> to be able to prove that you are indeed the author of your creation at a certain date. This makes it easier to claim your copyright, particularly in the event of future copying or challenge by a competitor or in the event of a dispute over confidentiality. <\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">The Copyright.eu certificate of anteriority provides indisputable proof of anteriority, through the intervention of a Bailiff (depending on the offer selected), but also through the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/valeur-legale-de-lhorodatage-electronique-qualifie-par-rapport-aux-autres\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">qualified electronic timestamp<\/a>, which has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/validite-a-linternational-du-certificat-de-copyright-eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evidential value, including internationally<\/a>. <\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\">In addition, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copyright.eu certificates<\/a> allow you to benefit from the right of prior personal possession. To find out more, we recommend our article on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/docs\/proteger-une-invention-avec-copyright-eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">securing inventions with the Copyright.eu certificate.<\/a> <\/span><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><span data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><i>To apply for a Copyright.eu anteriority certificate, the process can be completed online. Please visit the following address: <\/i><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.copyright.eu\/depot-copyright-en-ligne\/fonctionnement\/<\/a><br data-aura-rendered-by=\"12:176;a\"><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you a researcher or scientist? You are entitled to copyright simply by creating your scientific work, if the condition of originality is met. This article offers some thoughts on how to secure your rights.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1003,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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